2016中考英语重点单词和短语用法（下）

　　2016中考英语备考复习进行时，下面是21世纪教育网老师为大家总结的2016中考英语重点单词和短语用法。更多2016中考复习备考资源下载，请关注21世纪教育网！

　　◆36。 be strict with sb。 对某人要求严格

　　be strict in sth 。 对某事要求严格

　　Miss Zhang _____ _____ _____ her work and she _____ _____ _____ her students 。

　　◆37。 需要做某事 need to do sth 主语是人

　　need doing sth 主语是物

　　⑴ The classroom _____ cleaning 。 It’s too dirty 。 ⑵ Children _____ to sleep a lot 。

　　⑶ It’s very hot and dry 。 You need ______（wear）cool clothes and the flowers need ______ （water） 。

　　◆38。 through →介词： 从内部穿过 （park）

　　across →介词：从表面穿过

　　cross →动词（road。 street。 bridge）

　　⑴ Be careful when you ______ the street 。 ⑵ The manwent______ the forest 。

　　⑶ The train goes ______ the tunnel（隧道）。 ⑷He swam _____ the river 。

　　⑸ We drove _____ the desert （沙漠） 。 ⑹Take a walk _____ the park on Center Avenue 。

　　◆39。 Why don’t you do sth = Why not do sth 。

　　提建议的方式 How /what about doing sth 。

　　Let’s do sth 。

　　⑴ Why don’t you have a cup of tea ？ = _____ _____ have a cup of tea ？

　　⑵ Let’s _____ （go） out for a walk 。 ⑶ How about _____ （practice） conversations ？

　　◆40。 So + 助/系/情态 + 主语 表示肯定意义（…也是如此）

　　Neither + 助/系/情态 + 主语 表示否定意义（…也不）

　　※ 它们都属于倒装句。

　　⑴ My mother didn’t go to school 。______ ______ my father 。

　　⑵ James comes from theUSA 。______ ______ Tom 。

　　⑶ My pen pal can speak Japanese 。 ______ ______ I 。 = Me ______ 。

　　⑷ My sister isn’t outgoing 。 ______ ______ I 。= Me ______ 。

　　◆41。 both 两者都

　　all三者或三者以上都

　　⑴ The twins _____ are good students 。

　　⑵ There are lots of colorful flowers on _____ sides of the streets 。

　　⑶ There are five people in my family 。 We ______ like playing sports 。 My parents ______ love us 。 We are very happy 。

　　◆42。 alone 单独，独自一人 →He is alone at home 。

　　lonely 孤独的，寂寞的。有一定的感情色彩 →He lives a lonely life in the country 。

　　⑴ Sometimes he feels quite _____ because he has no friends 。

　　⑵ She lives _____ in that large house 。

　　◆43 in the tree 外来的→I saw a cat in the tree 。

　　on the tree 长在树上的→There are many apples on the tree 。

　　⑴ How many monkeys can you see _____ the tree ？

　　⑵ There are a lot of bananas_____ the tree 。

　　◆44。 in the wall 指在墙体内

　　on the wall 指在墙体表面

　　⑴ There is a map _____ the wall 。

　　⑵ There is a door _____ the wall 。

　　◆45。 on the bed 指物品在床上→My bag is on the bed 。

　　in bed 指人躺在床上→lily is ill in bed 。

　　⑴ There is a jacket ___________ 。

　　⑵ I have to be ________ by ten o’clock 。

　　◆46。 引导结果状语从句：so和such（如此…以至于…）

　　so是副词，后接adj和adv 。句型：

　　△so+adj/adv+that从句→He worked so hard that he got the first prize 。

　　△so+adj+a（n）+n。+that从句 = such+a（n）+adj+n。+that从句→That was so interesting a story that I read it twice 。= That was such an interesting story that I read it twice 。

　　such是形容词，后接n。句型：

　　△such+a（n）+adj+n。+that从句→He is such a hard-working student that all the teachers love him 。

　　△such+pl。/不可数n+that从句→It is such good weather that we can go swimming 。

　　⑴ He runs ____fast ____ we can’catch him 。 ⑵ lili is ____a kind girl ____we all love her 。

　　⑵ Tom is ____ a clever boy that he can answer the question 。= Tom is ____ clever a boy that he can answer the question 。

　　⑶ The box is _____ heavy _____ I can’t carry it 。

　　※ 在名词前有many / much / few / little这些词修饰时，要用so…that 。so…that句型的否定形式可用简单句too…to或not…enough to代替。如：

　　He is so young that he can’t go to school 。

　　= He is too young to go to school 。

　　= He is not old enough to go to school 。

　　◆47。 引导时间状语从句 ：

　　when + 延续性/短暂性动词→When I was watching TV ， he came in 。 = When he came in ， I was watching TV 。

　　while+延续性动词（多用进行时）→While I was in Shanghai ，I visited him 。

　　⑴ _____ he was sleeping 。 Someone knocked at the door 。= He was sleeping _____ someone knocked at the door 。

　　⑵ _____ the boy heard his mother’s voice ， he stopped crying 。

　　⑶ My mother was cooking _____ I was doing my homework 。。

　　◆48。 at the age of 和 when 引导的时间状语可以互换。

　　I began to play football when I was five years old 。 = I began to play football ________ ____ ____ five 。

　　◆49。 instead 放句首、句末

　　instead of + n/pron/ving = rather than 。

　　⑴ I will go to see her ______ you 。 ⑵ He doesn’t like beer 。give him coke ______ 。

　　⑶ We often sing English song ______ reading aloud 。

　　◆50。 be famous as （作为…而知名） as + 职业/身份/地位→Yi Yuchun is famous as a super girl 。

　　be famous for （以…而著名） for + 出名的原因→Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake 。

　　⑴ li Bai is famous ______ a poet 。 ⑵ Jackie Chan ia famous ______ his action movies 。

　　⑶ France ia famous _____its fine food and wine 。

　　◆51。 看起来像是…似乎/好像… （sb/sth） seems to do sth

　　It seems that +从句

　　⑴ It _____ _____ he feels very sad 。 = He _____ _____ _____ very sad 。

　　⑵ She seems to want to have a drink 。= _____ _____ that she _____ to have a drink 。

　　◆52。 “疑问词 + 动词不定式” 与“宾语从句”的互换 。

　　⑴ I will show you where you should go 。= I will show you _____ _____ _____ 。

　　⑵ Idon’t know what to do 。 = I don’t know what _____ 。 A should I do B I should do

　　⑶ Could you tell me how I can get to Summer Palace ？= Could you tell me how _____ _____ _____ Summer Palace ？

　　※ 宾语从句应该用陈述语序。如：Could you please tell me ____ ____ ____ ____ （天气如何）in Chongqi ？

　　◆53。 问题/难题 question 由于疑惑不解而提出的问题，多和ask / answer搭配使用。

　　problem指有待解决的较难的问题或物理/数学方面的题等，多与solve / work out 搭配。

　　⑴ Please answer my ________ in English 。 ⑵ I can’t work out this maths _______。

　　⑶ This is a difficult _______ to answer 。

　　◆54。 family家/家庭（强调家庭成员，与居住的房子无关）→My family are kind people 。

　　home 家（指人出生或居住的地方，带有一定感情色彩）→Welcome to my home 。

　　house 房子/住宅（居住的建筑物）→They moved to their new house last year 。

　　⑴ How many people are there in your _____？ ⑵ I want to save money and buy a big ____ 。

　　⑶ I love Chengdu ， I looked Chengdu as my ______ 。

　　◆55。 in front of （在…前面） 在某一范围以外的前面→There is a tall tree in front of our classroom 。

　　in the front of （在…前部） 在某一范围内的前面→Two personsare sitting in the front of the car 。

　　⑴ The policeman stands ____________ the car 。 ⑵ The driver sits ____________ the car 。

　　◆56。 在晚上，在夜里 at night

　　on + a + adj + night

　　⑴ You shouldn’t go out _____ night 。 ⑵ He met a thief _____ a cold night 。

　　◆57。 在…之间 between （两者之间）多与and连用。

　　among（三者或三者以上的人或物之间）

　　⑴ She is sitting ______ Lucy and lily 。 ⑵ He built a house ______ the trees 。

　　◆58。 sometimes 不时；有时（是一般现在时的标志词）→Sometimes I go to school by bus 。

　　some times 几次（此时time是可数名词，意为“次数”）→He has been to Shanghai some times 。

　　sometime 某个时间（表示在过去或将来的某个时候）→ I saw him sometime last year 。

　　some time 一段时间（此时time是不可数名词）→ He will stay here for some time 。

　　⑴ We are going to have a party ________ next week 。⑵ _______ the boy is late for school 。

　　⑶ He spent _________ in cutting hair 。So he missed the early bus 。

　　⑷ li Jun has been to Bird’s Nest _________ 。

　　◆59。 wear + 衣服/鞋帽/眼镜等（强调状态）→Our teacher often wears a pair of glasses 。

　　put on +衣服/鞋帽/眼镜等（强调动作）→Kate puts on her hat and goes out 。

　　be in + 颜色/服饰（强调状态）→The girl in red is my sister 。

　　dress + 人/反身代词 （给某人穿） →She dresses her daughter every morning 。

　　⑴ You’d better ______ your coat 。 ⑵ She was _______ a flower in her hair 。

　　⑶ The boy ______ white is my friend 。 ⑷ He is too young to ______ himself 。

　　⑸ Miss li often _____ the white sports shoes 。

　　※ dress当表示状态时常用be dressed in + 衣物（穿着…颜色的衣服）→He is dressed in a black coat 。他常穿着黑色的外套。

　　◆ 60。 play + 球类、棋类名词（不加the ）play badminton / play chess / play computer games

　　play the +乐器名词。（必须加the） play the violin

　　⑴ - Do you like to play ______ football after class ， li Lei ？

　　- Yes ，I do 。 A 。a B 。the C 。 /

　　⑵ Sam can’t play ________ （piano）， but he can play ________ （chess） 。

　　◆61。 There be 强调“某处有…”

　　have 强调“某人有…”

　　⑴ ________ two computers in the room 。 ⑵ My uncle _______ a car 。

　　※ 当表示整体与局部的关系时，there be与have可互换使用。如：There are twelve months in a year 。= A year has twelve months 。 一年有十二个月。

　　◆62。 speak 指说话的能力，也可表示“演讲、发言”。其后可以接语言类词汇。

　　say强调说的内容。say sth 。to sb 。→Please say hello to him 。

　　talk指相互之间的谈话。talk to / with sb表示与某人交谈，talk about sb / sth 表示“谈论某人 / 某事”。 →She is talking with her boss 。

　　tell侧重指“告诉”，后接双宾语或复合宾语：tell sb 。sth。 → Please tell me the time 。

　　tell sb （not） 。 to do sth 。→ She told me to wait for her 。

　　※ tell可以和lie ， story 搭配。如： tell a lie / tell a story / tell a joke / tell a truth 。

　　⑴ From his face we could see that he was _____ a lie 。 ⑵ She is ______ at the meeting 。

　　⑶ Fangfang _____ she is at home 。 ⑷ They are ______ about the weather 。

　　⑸ He can’t _____ it in French ， but he can _____ English 。

　　◆63。 if引导条件状语从句 真实条件状语从句 — 主句是将来时，从句用现在时代替将来。

　　虚拟条件状语从句 — 虚拟语气

　　⑴ If I _____ （be） a bird ， I would ______ （fly） in the sky 。

　　⑵ If it _______ （not） rain ，We will climb the hill 。

　　⑶ If I _____ （win） a million dollars ， I would ______ （travel） around the world 。

　　⑷ If he _____ （study） hard ， he will get good grades 。

　　◆64。 强调动作 强调结果

　　找 look for寻找 find找到

　　看 look （at）看 see看见

　　听 listen （to）听 hear听见

　　look for / find

　　⑴ I am _______ my watch ， but I can’t _______ it anywhere 。

　　look at / see

　　⑴ Please _______ your books ， boys and girls 。 ⑵ ______ ！ What a playful monkey it is ！

　　listen to / hear

　　⑴ Don’t shout ！ I can _______ you 。

　　⑵ Ann likes _______ music with her friends on weekends 。

　　◆65。 ago 副词，“以前”，一段时间后接ago 。

　　before“以前”，可以用在现在完成时的句子中，还可以是连词，“在…以前”。

　　⑴ I have never been there _______ 。

　　⑵ Please call me ______ you go 。

　　⑶ My brother joined the army two years ______ 。

　　⑷ Long long ______ ， There was seven dwarfs（小矮人）in the forest 。

　　◆66。 别的，其他的other 修饰名词，用于名词前。→What other animals do you like ？

　　else修饰不定代词/疑问代词/疑问副词，放它们的后面。→What else do you have to do ？

　　⑴You’d better ask some ______ people 。

　　⑵ There is nothing _____ on the desk 。

　　◆67。 every day 每天，作状语。

　　everyday日常的，作定语。

　　⑴ We go to school at 7：00 ________ 。

　　⑵ What’s your ______ activity ？

　　◆68。 happen 主要指偶然发生的事

　　take place 表示预先决定的事

　　※ happen 和take place都不用于被动语态

　　⑴ A traffic accident _______ yesterday 。

　　⑵ The May Fourth Movement （五四运动） _________ in 1919 。

　　◆69。 one …the other 一个…另一个

　　some …others 一些…另一些 （另一些并不包括全部）

　　some …the others一些…其他的（其他的包括剩下的全部）

　　⑴ I have two brothers， _____ is a teacher ， _______ is a doctor 。

　　⑵ _____ students are in the classroom ， ________ are out 。

　　⑶ At the party ， ______ are dancing ， ______ are singing

　　◆70。 be alive 作后置定语

　　living + n。 作前置定语

　　The old man is a great and ______ scientist 。He is still ______ 。

　　◆71。 on one’s + 序数词 + birthday （在某人几岁生日时）

　　in one’s + 整十的基数词的复数 （在某人几十多岁时）

　　⑴ Edisoninvented many things in his _______ （twenty） 。

　　⑵ On my ______ （twenty） birthday 。 I got a newmobile phone 。

　　◆72。 till = until （直到） “延续性动词（肯定式）+ until”译为“直到…为止”

　　“瞬间性动词/延续性动词的否定式not + until”译为“直到…才”

　　⑴ He waited until ten o’clock 。翻译：____________________

　　⑵ He didn’t go to bed until he had finished his work 。 翻译：____________________

　　◆73。 疑问句+ ever = no matter + 疑问句 →引导让步状语从句：whatever = no matter what （无论什么） whenever = no matter when （无论何时） whoever = no matter who （无论谁）

　　wherever = no matter where （无论在哪里） however = no matter how（无论如何）

　　◆74。 数词 - 名词 - （形容词） 复合形容词作定语

　　数词 + 名词复数

　　⑴ He is a two-year-old boy 。 = The boy is two _____ old 。

　　⑵ Look ！ This is a ______ buildings 。A 70-floors B 70-floor C 70 floors

　　⑶ We have ______ （两天） holiday 。

　　⑷ Twelve-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes 。

　　※ Twelve-year-olds 表示一类人。（12岁的人）

　　◆75。 agree with sb 。同意某人的意见→ I don’t agree with you 。

　　agree to sth 。同意某人的建议/办法/计划等 → He agreed to my plan 。

　　◆76。 believe 表示相信某人的话→ I believe you 。= I believe that you say 。

　　believe in表示信任，相信···的存在 → I believe ib that man 。 / Believe in God 。相信上帝的存在。

　　◆77。 run out不及物动词短语，指物用完，用光 → My money has run out 。

　　run out of及物动词短语，指人用完，用光了物→ I have run out of my money 。

　　◆78。 maybe = perhaps或许/可能。副词，在句中作状语→ Maybe he will come here tomorrow 。

　　may be 或许/可能，may是情态动词，在句中作谓语→ He may be from the USA ，too 。

　　※ maybe 和may be 可以互换：Maybe you are right 。 =You may be right 。

　　◆79。 fist = first of all 第一，首先。强调事情发展的顺序 → First I had to decide what to wear 。

　　at first = at the beginning 起初，起先。表示一件事情的开始阶段→ I didn’t like this job at first 。

　　◆80。 表示时间的介词

　　in表示一段时间或较长时间 → in the morning / afternoon / eveningin May ，2010

　　on指在星期/具体某一天或特指某一天的上/下/晚上 → on Monday /on Children’sday /on Monday afternoon / on school nights

　　at表示点时间或较短的时间 → at 8：00 / at noon / at night

　　◆81。 must （必须）表示说话人的主观意图和需求→ I have something to do ， I must go now 。

　　have to（不得不，必须）表示客观需要→It’s your turn to clean the classroom 。 You have to do it 。

　　※ must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答必须用needn’t 或don’t have to （不必） 。

　　如：- Must I finish the housework today ？

　　- No ， you needn’t 。 / you don’t have to 。

　　◆82。 at the end （后常接of）表示在某时，活动或事件等终止/结束时→She went to Japan at the end of last month 。上月底他去了日本。

　　in the end（后不能接of）最后，最终→ In the end we finished this job 。

　　◆83。 join 表示加入某个组织、机构、团体等 → He joined the League last year 。

　　take part in 表示参加某项活动、比赛、游戏等 → She took part in the English Speech Contest yesterday 。

　　◆84。 watch sb 。 do sth（看···做某事） → He sat down and watched Wangwang play with a lovely black cat 。

　　watch sb 。 doing sth （看···正在做某事） 强调动作正在进行→ I watched her dancing just now 。

　　※ 类似用法的还有这些感官动词：see / look at / hear / listen to / feel等。

　　◆85。 该…的时候了 ：It’s time to do sth 。 和 It’s time for （doing ） sth 。可以互换 。

　　⑴ It is time for school 。= It’s time to ______ ______ school 。

　　⑵ It’s time to study English 。= It’s time ______ ______ English 。

　　※ It’s time for sb to do sth 。如：It’s dark 。 It’s time for you to go home 。

　　◆86。 hope+宾语从句，用陈述语序 → I hope that I can help you 。

　　wish+宾语从句，用虚拟语气 → I wish that I could help you 。

　　※wish后跟双宾语（Wish you success ！）和复合宾语，wish sb 。 to do sth→/ I wish you to go there with me 。 hope to 。 do sth 。 → I hope to go to Beijing this summer 。

　　◆87。 no + n。（ no是形容词） He has no dog and no family 。

　　not （not是副词），与be动词/助动词/情态动词连用： isn’t / didn’t / can’t 。 → There isn’t water or air 。

　　※no和not 可以互换：She has no pens 。 = She doesn’t have pens 。

　　◆88。 sth be familiar to sb： 某事或某物为某人所熟悉；某物对某人是熟悉的

　　sb be familiar with sth： 某人熟悉某物

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