2016年高考英语模拟试题及答案：情态动词与虚拟语气

1.It is required by the rules that students ________ get grades not lower than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship.

　　A.will B.may

　　C.shall D.would

　　答案　C

　　解析　考查情态动词.句意为:根据规定,学生如果想拿奖学金,任一单科成绩不得低于85分.shall用于第三人称,在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定,意为"应,必须".

　　2.I’m really very busy,otherwise I ________ certainly go there with you.

　　A.can B.shall

　　C.will D.would

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查虚拟语气.结合前半句中的内容以及后半句中的otherwise一词可知后半句应用虚拟语气,所以用would.

　　3.—God!My cell phone is missing.

　　—You ________ have left it at home.I heard you telephone our daughter in the bathroom.

　　A.shall B.must

　　C.would D.could

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查情态动词.根据答语第二句的内容可知第二个说话人认为对方"一定"是把手机忘在家里了.

　　4.Even students of average intelligence ________ become top students by improving their study habits.

　　A.must B.can

　　C.have to D.ought to答案　B

　　解析　考查情态动词.句意为:即使智力一般的学生也可以通过改进学习习惯而成为优等生.can在此处表示"能够".

　　5.—Look,I’ve bought some bread,including your favorite flavor.

　　—You ________ any because we still have plenty at home.

　　A.should have bought

　　B.could have bought

　　C.needn’t have bought

　　D.mustn’t have bought

　　答案　C

　　解析　答语句意为:你没有必要买,因为家里还有很多.故应用needn’t have done表示本不必做而实际上做了.could have done 表示过去本可以做某事却没做;should have done表示本应该做而实际上未做;mustn’t表示禁止.

　　6.It is beyond my understanding that many adults ________ be so crazy about Harry Potter series.

　　A.will B.can

　　C.may D.should

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查情态动词.句意为:很多成年人居然对哈利·波特系列这么上瘾,对此我不能理解.这里用should表示"居然,竟然".其他选项都没有这个含义.

　　7.It’s a pity that Andrew didn’t want to go to the conference.________ willing to go,we could have paid all his expenses.

　　A.Had he been B.Being

　　C.Was he D.He had been

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查虚拟语气与倒装.根据第一句中的时态可知此处是对过去情况的虚拟,意思是"如果他愿意去,我们会支付他所有的费用".此处是省略了虚拟条件句中的if而引起的倒装,其正常语序应为"If he had been willing to go".

　　8.These days some young people just ________ work hard because they have got used to the easy life provided by their parents.

　　A.mustn’t B.won’t

　　C.mightn’t D.shouldn’t

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为:现在一些年轻人就是不愿意努力,因为他们已经习惯了父母提供的安逸生活.根据句意可知,此处表示意愿,应用won’t.mustn’t禁止,不准;mightn’t可能不;shouldn’t不应该.

　　9.—I regret to say that I failed to rank first in the terminal exam.

　　—Come on,nobody ________ win all the time.

　　A.should B.must

　　C.shall D.can

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查情态动词.句意为:——很遗憾我在期末考试中没有考第一.——振作起来,没有人能够一直赢.can(表示有能力做或能够发生)能,会;should应该,应当;must必须;shall(表示决心、命令或指示)必须,应当.

　　10.—May I take this book out of the reading room?

　　—No,you ________.You read it in here.

　　A.mightn’t B.won’t

　　C.needn’t D.mustn’t

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查情态动词.根据答语的第二句话可知"不能把书拿出阅览室",表禁止,故选D项.

　　11.Sorry,Cathy,I didn’t know that you were badly short of money then.But you ________ me for help.

　　A.must have asked

　　B.could have asked

　　C.would have asked

　　D.may have asked

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查情态动词.说话人为自己不知道Cathy当时急需用钱而感到抱歉,认为Cathy当时本来可以向自己求助.could have done表示过去本来可以做某事,可实际上并没有做.

　　12.—I called you at 9 last night,but no one answered.

　　—Sorry,I ________ sleeping.I went to bed very early.

　　A.need have been B.would have been

　　C.must have been D.should have been

　　答案　C

　　解析　根据答语中的"I went to bed very early"可知,此处为肯定推测,用must,表示问话人打电话时,答话人一定正在睡觉.must have done表示过去肯定做了某事.

　　13.I’m as busy as a bee;________ you bother me with so many questions now?

　　A.may B.must

　　C.can D.shall

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查情态动词.句意为:我忙得不可开交,为什么你现在偏要拿这么多的问题来打扰我呢?must有时可以表示一种不受欢迎的巧合,指某事发生得不早不迟,就在某个当紧的时候,通常含有不快、不满、心烦、恼火等感情色彩,意为"偏偏,偏要".

　　14.—Did you go to the fashion show last week?

　　—I ________,but I was fully occupied the whole week.

　　A.must go B.must have gone

　　C.would go D.would have gone

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查虚拟语气.根据答语中的"but I was fully occupied"可知,此处是对过去事实的虚拟,应用would have done结构,表示"本来要做某事而实际上未做",故选D项.

　　15.It is important to know about the cultural differences that ________ cause problems.

　　A.must B.dare

　　C.may D.shall

　　答案　C

　　解析　考查情态动词.句意为:了解有可能会带来麻烦的文化差异是重要的.此处may表示不确定的推测,意思是"有可能".

　　16.—Could I have a word with you,mum?

　　—Oh,dear,if you ________.

　　A.can B.must

　　C.may D.should

　　答案　B

　　解析　17.My mother is a great cook and we ________ never get enough of her cookies.

　　A.may B.need

　　C.should D.can

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为:我妈妈是一个很了不起的厨师,我们吃不够她做的饼干.can’t...enough为固定搭配,意为"无论……也不过分".

　　18.—I wonder where Peter is.He said he’d be here for lunch.

　　—Don’t worry!He________be caught in the rush hour.

　　A.will B.should

　　C.can D.may

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查情态动词表示推测.句意为:——我想知道Peter在哪里.他说要来这里吃午饭的.——别担心!他可能遇到上下班高峰期了.may表示事实上的可能性,意为"可能,也许".

　　19.—Why,I didn’t get you on the phone.

　　—We ________football on the playground when you phoned.

　　A.must be playing

　　B.must play

　　C.must have played

　　D.must have been playing

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为:——嗨,我打电话没找到你.——你打电话的时候我们肯定正在操场上踢足球.表示对过去所发生的事情的肯定推测用must have done的形式,再结合语境可知此处推测的是过去某个时间正在发生的事情,故用must have been doing,故答案为D项.

　　20.—Why didn’t Henry come?

　　—He ________ except he didn’t have time.

　　A.would have come B.will come

　　C.would come D.will be coming

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为:——Henry为什么没来?——他本来要来的,只是他没有时间.except从句表达的是过去时陈述语气,主句为与过去相反的虚拟语气.

　　21.He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball,otherwise he________a goal.

　　A.had scored B.scored

　　C.would score D.would have scored

　　答案　D

　　解析　这是otherwise 引出的含蓄虚拟语气,再根据前面的hesitated 可进一步知道这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,由此可推知答案选D.

　　22.It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I________in love,at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

　　A.wouldn’t have fallen

　　B.had not fallen

　　C.should fall

　　D.were to fall

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为:要不是在七岁时就迷上了Melinda Cox 图书馆,我真不能想象我如今会在做什么.此题涉及错综时间虚拟条件句,主句与现在事实相反,条件句与过去事实相反.

　　23.—My uncle suggests I ________ abroad.

　　—I would rather you ________ at home.

　　A.go;stay B.went;stayed

　　C.go;stayed D.went;stay

　　答案　C

　　解析　suggest作"建议"讲,谓语动词用should do或do.would rather后跟的从句也用虚拟语气,叙述与现在、将来事实相反时,用过去时;叙述与过去事实相反,用过去完成时.

　　24.It’s useless envying others their success.It’s time you ________ hard.

　　A.must work B.went to work

　　C.work D.worked

　　答案　D

　　解析　此处考查固定句型中虚拟语气的使用.It’s time that...中,从句中动词用过去时或should do.

　　25.They ________ two free tickets to Canada.Otherwise,they’d never have been able to afford to go.

　　A.had got B.got

　　C.would have got D.get

　　答案　B

　　解析　otherwise相当于一个虚拟条件,是对真实情况的相反的假设,由此我们可以推断出:题干中otherwise前面的内容应是真实的,故空白处应该是陈述语气;再结合句意可知,此处讲的是过去的事情,因此用一般过去时.